Author: Ram Krishnamani Date: January 21, 2025
Fashion and Technology in Bharatanatyam: A Comparison with NIFT
Objective
The National Institute of Fashion Technology (NIFT) stands as a pioneer in fostering innovation and excellence in fashion education. Similarly, Bharatanatyam, one of the oldest classical dance forms, has evolved over centuries to reflect the cultural and technological advancements of its time. This blog explores the intersection of fashion and technology in Bharatanatyam, drawing parallels with NIFT’s modern approach. We will delve into their objectives, methodologies, and status, and analyze how user experience in both domains reflects a harmonious blend of tradition and innovation.
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Approach
NIFT’s Methodology
NIFT emphasizes a holistic approach to fashion, integrating technology, creativity, and market trends. Its curriculum focuses on:
• Design and Craftsmanship: Teaching students to blend tradition with contemporary styles.
• Technology Integration: Use of advanced tools like CAD (Computer-Aided Design), 3D printing, and textile technology.
• Sustainability: Incorporating eco-friendly materials and practices.
• User-Centric Design: Prioritizing functionality and aesthetics tailored to diverse audiences.
Modern Bharatanatyam Performances
Bharatanatyam, while deeply rooted in tradition, has embraced technological advancements in:
• Stagecraft: Use of LED lighting, digital backdrops, and projection mapping to enhance storytelling.
• Costume Design: Leveraging modern textiles for lighter, more flexible costumes that retain traditional aesthetics.
• Music and Sound: Digital sound systems and pre-recorded orchestration for precision.
• Choreography: Integration of contemporary themes and movements while preserving classical grammar.
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Status
NIFT
NIFT continues to lead in the field of fashion education, producing industry-ready professionals who innovate in design, technology, and business. The institution regularly collaborates with global fashion houses and incorporates cutting-edge research in textiles and wearable technology.
Bharatanatyam
Modern Bharatanatyam performances have gained global recognition, often showcased at international festivals and cultural exchanges. The dance form’s adaptation to contemporary contexts without losing its classical essence is a testament to its resilience and relevance.
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User Experience: NIFT vs. Bharatanatyam
Aspect NIFT Modern Bharatanatyam
Fashion Designs focus on both tradition and modernity, catering to global trends. Costumes combine traditional silk with modern, lightweight fabrics.
Technology Advanced tools for design, prototyping, and production. Use of LED lighting, projection mapping, and digital soundscapes.
Aesthetics Prioritizes functionality and user comfort alongside visual appeal. Costumes maintain traditional motifs while being ergonomic for dancers.
Cultural Relevance Blends local crafts with global styles for cultural preservation. Balances classical themes with contemporary narratives and settings.
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Comparison: NIFT and Natya Shastra
The Natya Shastra, the ancient treatise on performing arts, provides detailed guidance on costumes, ornaments, and stagecraft. Comparing this with NIFT’s modern methodologies highlights the timelessness of these principles.
Aspect NIFT Natya Shastra
Stage Design Emphasizes functional layouts and visual coherence. Detailed prescriptions for stage dimensions, layout, and audience placement.
Props Modern materials for durability and aesthetics. Use of natural elements like wood, fabric, and flowers.
Men’s Dresses Tailored to comfort and flexibility for modern users. Dhoti and Angavastram with specific draping styles.
Women’s Dresses Fusion of tradition with lightweight materials. Sari with a distinct pleated fan for movement and grace.
Men’s Ornaments Minimalistic, functional designs. Earrings, bracelets, and waistbands with symbolic meanings.
Women’s Ornaments Intricate jewelry, often inspired by tradition. Elaborate hairpieces, necklaces, armlets, and anklets reflecting divine beauty.
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Conclusion
The synergy between fashion, technology, and performing arts exemplifies India’s ability to innovate while honoring its heritage. NIFT, with its forward-looking approach, mirrors the timeless wisdom of the Natya Shastra in its attention to detail, cultural relevance, and commitment to aesthetics. Modern Bharatanatyam performances, drawing from both ancient texts and contemporary advancements, are a living testament to this harmonious blend. Together, they celebrate India’s legacy of creativity, adaptability, and artistic excellence.
References from Natyashastra :
The Nāṭyaśāstra, attributed to Bharata Muni, contains detailed discussions on ornaments, costumes, stage design, and props used in performances. The following chapters and shlokas address these aspects:
Ornaments for Men and Women
1. Chapter 23: Abhinaya (Modes of Expression)
This chapter describes the attire, ornaments, and makeup for men and women, specifying their roles in performances. It discusses how adornments enhance the visual appeal and convey the character’s status, gender, and emotions.
o Shloka Range: Verses 23.61–23.80 provide guidelines for ornaments worn by men and women, detailing their symbolic meanings.
o Men’s Ornaments: Discusses minimalistic and symbolic jewelry such as bracelets, necklaces, and waistbands.
o Women’s Ornaments: Elaborates on elaborate headpieces, armlets, anklets, necklaces, and decorative girdles, emphasizing their aesthetic and symbolic importance.
2. Chapter 18: Aharya Abhinaya (Costume and Ornamentation)
This chapter is devoted to Aharya Abhinaya, or the expression through costumes, makeup, and jewelry. It details the materials, styles, and purposes of ornaments for men and women:
o Shlokas 18.28–18.45: Explain the distinctions between costumes and jewelry for male and female characters, as well as their suitability for different roles (e.g., kings, sages, dancers).
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Stage and Props
1. Chapter 2: Natyamandapa (Theatre and Stage Construction)
This chapter discusses the design, layout, and dimensions of the stage (Nāṭyamaṇḍapa) and the use of props to enhance the performance:
o Shlokas 2.1–2.52: Provide instructions on constructing the stage, including its size, shape, and decorations.
o Key Elements:
Rangashirsha: The main performing area.
Nepathya: The backstage or green room for preparation.
Parikrama: The pathways around the stage.
o Specific props like thrones, flower garlands, weapons, and utensils are prescribed based on the play’s theme and characters.
2. Chapter 13: Upakaraṇa (Props and Their Usage)
This chapter focuses on the significance and handling of props in performances.
o Shlokas 13.20–13.35: Describe the symbolic use of props, such as bows, swords, garlands, and other items, to convey the storyline and enhance the dramatic effect.
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Key Insights
• Ornaments: Serve not just as decoration but as integral elements of character portrayal, symbolizing social status, gender, and emotions.
• Stage and Props: Designed to align with the storyline, props and stage elements ensure authenticity and immersive experiences for the audience.
These chapters from the Nāṭyaśāstra provide an intricate framework that continues to inspire modern performances and theatrical traditions, reflecting the treatise’s enduring relevance. If you’d like, I can provide detailed translations or interpretations of specific shlokas!
