Author: Ram Krishnamani Date: January 8, 2025
Narrated by Shantha Lakshmi
Chapter 8: The Theoretical Framework of Bharatanatyam
Chapter 8 of Shall We Dance provides a detailed exploration of the theoretical underpinnings that form the foundation of Bharatanatyam, one of India’s most revered classical dance forms. This chapter emphasizes the importance of mastering fundamental elements such as space, time, force, body, and form, which collectively shape the artistry and precision of Bharatanatyam. Drawing inspiration from A.G. Gilbert’s Brain-Compatible Dance Education, the chapter highlights the cognitive and physical interplay essential for dancers to achieve a profound understanding and execution of the art form.
The Natya Shastra: The Timeless Treatise
At the heart of the theoretical framework lies the Natya Shastra, an ancient Indian text authored by Sage Bharata Muni, which serves as the definitive guide for Bharatanatyam and other classical Indian performing arts. This comprehensive treatise details the science and art of drama, music, dance, and gestures, providing a structured approach to performance that harmonizes aesthetic, emotional, and technical elements.
The chapter illustrates how the Natya Shastra weaves together the spiritual, philosophical, and practical dimensions of performance, making Bharatanatyam a holistic discipline. It underscores the enduring relevance of this text in guiding dancers to transcend mere physical movements, transforming their performances into deeply evocative and spiritually resonant experiences.
Key Concepts in Bharatanatyam
The chapter delves into the critical components of Bharatanatyam’s theory and practice, offering a detailed explanation of its key concepts:
- Adavus: The foundational units of Bharatanatyam, combining precise footwork, body movements, and rhythmic patterns. Adavus are the building blocks of the dance, requiring rigorous practice to develop fluidity, balance, and coordination.
- Hastas: The intricate hand gestures used to convey meanings, emotions, and narratives. The chapter explores both Asamyuta Hastas (single-hand gestures) and Samyuta Hastas (double-hand gestures) as codified in the Natya Shastra.
- Abhinaya: The art of expression, where facial movements, gestures, and body language merge to evoke emotions and connect with the audience.
- Nritta: Pure dance movements performed for their aesthetic appeal, focusing on rhythm and form without conveying specific emotions or stories.
- Nritya: Expressive dance that combines rhythm with emotion, telling stories through movements and gestures.
- Natya: The dramatic aspect of Bharatanatyam, where storytelling takes center stage, blending dance with theatrical elements to narrate mythological and cultural tales.
Margi and Desi Traditions
The chapter also delves into the dual traditions within Bharatanatyam:
- Margi Tradition: Rooted in classical principles, this tradition adheres closely to the guidelines of the Natya Shastra, emphasizing its spiritual and philosophical dimensions.
- Desi Tradition: A more regional and folk-inspired approach, incorporating local cultural elements and styles to create a diverse and vibrant expression of Bharatanatyam.
These traditions showcase the adaptability of Bharatanatyam, balancing classical rigor with cultural dynamism, allowing the art form to remain relevant across generations and geographical contexts.
Preserving Cultural Heritage
Chapter 8 underscores the vital role of theoretical principles in preserving Bharatanatyam’s cultural heritage. It highlights how a deep understanding of these concepts enables dancers to maintain the authenticity of their art while imbuing their performances with creativity and personal expression. By adhering to these foundational elements, Bharatanatyam practitioners not only uphold a rich cultural legacy but also convey its profound beauty and spiritual essence to global audiences.
